Security Challenge in Southern Sudan
By Gatluak Gatdet*
Jan 21, 2006 — Not everything shall be termed as priorities for southern Sudan its development even though Southern Sudan start at zero level, functional and non-functional requirements must be lay out and identify for normal and rapid operation for the development.
According to Silva Kirr Mayardit reported to Southern Sudanese, and Washington DC, that everything are priorities in the country due to more than decade civil war. Why should everything be considered as priorities? I don’t think that one can drive car with out its four tires, I don’t think that you can call in at your work place because you have defected headlight during day time operation or one can not drive car with out opening the door before you even insert the key into ignition. In this article I will express my view base on security issue that seemingly filed as firewall to block the so-called gateway driver for control access in to the country where the peace contested.
In terms of infrastructure establishment the GOSS shall propose to take up the development and prioritize the most functional requirements such as Security, Road Construction, Healthy Facilities, Media Communication, Electricity/power transmission, and Education. The newly established Government of Southern Sudan faces a development challenge that is among the most formidable in the world. The building and construction of South Sudan requires participation, effort and contribution of every Southerner in every field, and from all levels right from the bottom to the top.
As the budget for the year 2006 was prepared within the framework of the implementation of the comprehensive peace agreement (CPA), and the so-called Sudan National Government Unity (SNGU) constitution. In Southern, the principal policy document and the instrument for distributing resources shall be the budget. In order to construct a more open and participatory society, budget decisions need to be subjected to public scrutiny and influence. This is the role and responsibility of an active and informed civil society or citizenry.
According to the media reported that budget estimates for the financial year 2006 amount to 448,1 billion Sudanese Dinner Also the so-called advocating for change and connecting country to knowledge, experience and resources to help to assist Southern Sudan contribute to the development of the country and help improve Southerners people’s livelihood. We are on the ground in numbers of countries, working with us on their own solutions to global and national development challenges. Numbers of funding sources have been funded and signed for the development as well as the internationally assisted recovery of war-torn Southern Sudan got underway or might be already received with a US$27 million program to rebuild health and education services, and support basic government functions. The Rapid Impact Emergency project, signed on November 24 consists of a US$20 million grant from the Multi-Donor Trust Fund (MDTF) for Southern Sudan plus US$7.25 million from the Government of Southern Sudan (GoSS).
Securing, protecting, and preserving peace and justice for all Sudanese citizens, their property, and possessions shall enable citizens to participate fully in political and economic life. Achieving a secure and stable environment is the immediate priority of the Sudanese development effort to:
? – Avoiding an intimidating the coalition partners who help to build the country.
? – For IDPs its safety, who wish to return home early.
? – Avoiding an interruption for civilian workers to run their projects smoothly.
Mean while coalition partners shall continuing efforts with a wide range of Southern leaders, stakeholders and citizens, shall includes the following elements under the broad banner of Security.
PROTECTING SOCIETY AND ORDER
Developing institutions that will effective in protecting society and constitutional order must be the priority for the Sudanese coalition partnership. The accelerated establishment of S. Sudan security forces must hastens the desire of the S. Sudan people to assume a greater stake in the security of their nation and its future. S. Sudanese shall stepped forward to secure their country by serving in the S. Sudan Police Service, the Border Police, S. Sudan Civil Defense Corps and the Facilities Protection Service.
S. Sudan and Coalition partners must work together to:
Enable the earliest feasible transition to full S. Sudanese sovereignty under conditions of internal stability and security and an effective constitutional structure.
Create S. Sudan military that can defend the nation and be a positive factor in the constitutional order.
Enable the new S. Sudan, including its own defense forces, to assume responsibility for its external security, including protection and control of its borders, in the context of a constructive relationship with other friendly nations in the region and beyond.
Contributing to the development of S. Sudan military forces, which are effective in protecting the society and constitutional order respectful of Human Rights.
Responsively to civilian control, and to the establishment by S. Sudan authorities, S. Sudanese military, and national security oversight mechanisms.
The establishment of GOSS must ensure that civilian control and parliamentary with in legal frame work as well as:
? Creating an effective and accountable Police System,
? Creating a Facilities Protection Service
? Forming the S. Sudanese Civil Defense Corps (ICDC)
? Constructing Civil Defense organization and establish mine action programs
? Developing emergency management command and control system for S. Sudan that can coordinate police, fire, rescue and emergency medical assistance in the event of a natural or manmade disaster.
? Assisting S. Sudan in establishing constructive and successful relationships with regional states and with the international community.
MINISTRY OF INTERIOR — SECURITY FORCES INFORMATION
The S. Sudanese Ministry of Interior must be the vital component in the new, democratic S. Sudanese. The Ministry’s mission is to ensure the security and safety of S. Sudanese citizens and of their property. It will serve S. Sudanese citizens of all backgrounds and beliefs. The Ministry must have central role to play in protecting the constitutional process to allow S. Sudanese to build a new country free from fear. This institution must be designed to reflect the highest standards in professional Public Safety practice and to meet the particular needs of S. Sudanese in this time of transition. The Ministry shall provide robust protection against those who threaten civil order while serving the interest of all S. Sudanese, and must includes:
? S. Sudanese Police Service
? Department of Border Enforcement
? Facilities Protection Service
Department of Border Enforcement
The Department of Border Enforcement must consist of:
o Bureau of Civil Customs Inspection
o Bureau of Immigration Inspection
o Bureau of Nationality and Civil Affairs
Border Police
Boarder police must consist of:
o- Immigration inspection
o- Civil Customs inspection
o- Bureau of Nationality and Civil Affairs
Immigration inspection
The duties of the Bureau of Immigration Inspection include checking passports and visas of travelers, detecting illegal aliens and trafficking in human beings.
Civil Customs inspection
The duties of the Bureau of Civil Customs Inspection shall includes inspection of goods to detect smuggling and ensure quality of agricultural and other imports.
Bureau of Nationality and Civil Affairs
The duties of the Bureau of Nationality and Civil Affairs include recording vital statistics (births, deaths, marriages, divorces), providing S. Sudanese citizens with passport services and adjudicating immigration applications.
In order for Sudanese to make a smooth transition to sovereignty, the people of Sudanese must be free from fear. Advancing towards a secure and stable environment requires that peacekeeping forces and Sudanese partners work in close cooperation to defeat the insecure and clear the land mines that shall prevent the IDPs to return home in Southern Sudan. Professional Sudanese security forces must be under firm civilian control and imbued with respect for political and human rights are needed as well. Citizens must be protected from criminals and property respected, and the judicial system must operate from a position of fairness and rationality.
Finally GOSS shall lays out the most priorities to underestimate the potential impact that can employ the course correction for the country development. In order to achieve the peace Southern Sudanese citizens shall move towards having the means to provide their own defense and police forces, to assume its responsibility for external and internal security, including policing of its borders. Relationships with regional states and with the international community must be established. The roles and accountabilities of organizations providing security shall be clearly defined within a legal framework, which will also regulate the private possession and use of weapons. Together we can create culture of fairness and trust for Sudan unity and for Southern Sudan particular.
* Gatluak Gatdet (Tutdeal) in Denver Colorado USA, is Fresh Graduated last June 2005 at Colorado State Technical University with Master’s degree of Science Software Engineering and Master’s degree of Science System Security.