Western and eastern rebels forge alliance
NAIROBI, Jan 16, 2004 (IRIN) — A rebel movement in the Darfur region of western Sudan, the Sudan Liberation Army (SLA), forged an alliance this week with an eastern rebel group, the Beja Congress.
A joint declaration signed on Tuesday said both parties would “continue their struggle together until they get rid of marginalisation, poverty, ignorance and backwardness,” Ali al-Safi, a member of the Central Committee of the Beja Congress, told IRIN from the Eritrean capital, Asmara. “The struggle will continue using all the tools [available] and with close coordination between the two parties,” he said.
“It was quiet [in the east], because people were expecting to be included in the Naivasha [Kenya peace] talks,” he said. “But from now it will not be quiet. One can expect an escalation of fighting in the east, because the government is seeking a partial solution [to Sudan’s problems] with the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army [SPLM/A].”
The Beja Congress campaigned unsuccessfully to take part in negotiations in Kenya between the government and the SPLM/A, which are expected to lead to a peace agreement later this month. They rejected a deal on security arrangements signed by the two sides in October 2003, and shortly afterwards limited skirmishes resumed in the east after a break of several months.
“We think that the international community doesn’t intercede unless there are extensive losses of life, such as the two million in southern Sudan. This might be the price that other groups have to pay to get their attention,” added al-Safi.
He said the injustices that had provoked the western rebels, the SLA, to resort to an armed struggle were essentially the same in the east, and that both sides would henceforth present their grievances together as a united front.
Both rebel groups say they are fighting for economic and political power in a federalised Sudan.
A member of the SLA in Darfur, Adam Ali Shogar, confirmed the agreement, saying that both groups were “joining in the struggle against the government”, and that they were both seeking “peace and equality in Sudan”.
He said their problems concerned the whole of Sudan and they would fight together if no settlement was reached.
The 2.2 million Beja of eastern Sudan have been neglected by central governments for decades, leaving them vulnerable to malnutrition, famine and disease.
The political wing of the Beja Congress was formed in the 1960s to voice grievances against marginalisation of the region, but, frustrated by a lack of progress, began an armed struggle by the 1990s.
According to the International Crisis Group (ICG) think-tank, Beja frustration reached new heights in the 1990s when Khartoum “aggressively promoted” its version of Islam in the region, launching army attacks on Beja mosques and religious schools, which follow a more tolerant form of Sufi Islam. It also offered some of the most fertile land along the Gash river to government supporters and investors from the Arab Gulf states.
Having joined the opposition umbrella group, the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), in 1995, hundreds of Beja were sent to training camps in Eritrea and, together with other NDA armed groups, started full-scale operations on the eastern front by 1997.
They are currently reckoned to have a few hundred fighters, according to ICG.